In the annual risk survey conducted by FICCI, fire risk for business operations in India across industries takes the tenth position for 2019. The previous year (2018), Fire was ranked as the third most dominant risk for business operations which indicates the fire risk as the biggest business concern. As per the India Risk Survey, electric short-circuit is the most likely cause of potential fire outbreaks at business locations. Around 50% of the fatalities reported from the data collected on accidental fires are from residential buildings.
The recent major fire accidents in 2019 which led to loss of lives and severe damage to property
Dec 23 – 2019 (Fire in cloth go down Delhi, Kirari area)
Dec 8 – 2019 (Fire in 4 storey factory unit situated in Delhi, Anaj mandi)
Oct 20 – 2019 (Fire in a residential house, Dibrugarh)
Aug 13 – 2019 (Fire in a chemical plant in sirpur, Mumbai)
May 24– 2019(Fire in Institute on the top floor of the building)
May 9 – 2019 (Fire in cloth go down, Pune)
Feb 12 – 2019 (Fire in a Delhi Hotel, Karol bagh)
All these fire accident investigations lead to one outcome that is ignoring or violating norms and codes set for buildings resulting in huge property loss and interference to business operations. With the demand for dwelling and commercial buildings everywhere, unsafe constructions are on rise. To minimize chances of fire NATIONAL BUILDING CODE (part 4 ) specifies certain guidelines on construction fire safety requirements. The three most important fire safety measures are
FIRE PREVENTION: This part deals with classification of buildings based on occupancy of buildings to determine fire load and fire load density, demarcation into fire zones and construction materials to be used based on the fire-resistance rating of Structural and Non Structural elements, Electrical installations, type of vent systems to be used and other fire prevention measures.
FIRE PROTECTION: This part deals with fire protection measures like providing Fire extinguishers and fixed fire fighting installation like risers and automatic sprinkler systems.
LIFE PROTECTION: This deals with exits, type of exits, the arrangement of exits, doorways, passages and protected escape routes, fire detection and warning systems, emergency and escapes lighting so that occupants are protected from undue dangers of fire, smoke and fumes and help in escape in the least possible time.
The provision of adequate fire protection measures during the design stage and construction will to a large extent help in public safety and protect assets.
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