Monday, 19 July 2021

INDIAN STANDARDS AND CODE RELATED TO FIRE SAFETY


 INDIAN STANDARDS RELATED TO FIRE SAFETY


The potential consequences of FIRE are Personnel getting injured, Asset/Property losses, environmental pollution and fatalities. These consequences will impact society as a whole. The potential sources which can initiate the fire can be as simple as a fire initiated due to a short circuit in houses or complex fires involving chemicals in a manufacturing set-up.

To achieve a reasonable degree of FIRE SAFETY, Fire control measures are to be incorporated which covers the three aspects, those are

·       FIRE PREVENTION: 

·       LIFE SAFETY: 

·       FIRE PROTECTION

 

FIRE STANDARDS and CODES are documents that serve as safety guidelines to people, organizations and statutory bodies to have a common basis of understanding in the areas of FIRE PREVENTION, LIFE SAFETY and FIRE PROTECTION, which involves the design, installation, operations, procedures whether related to equipment, activities or any kind of system which pose a fire hazard

The FIRE related INDIAN STANDARDS are adopted by the BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS, after the draft finalized by the FIRE FIGHTING SECTIONAL COMMITTEE approved by the CIVIL ENGINEERING DIVISION(CED)

While there are nearly 250 + National standards which are related to FIRE SAFETY, some of the important national standards are


STANDARDS RELATED TO PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS


STANDARD

TITLE DESCRIPTION

SCOPE

IS 15683: 2018

Portable Fire Extinguishers — Performance and Construction — Specification

This standard guides manufacturers and users in procuring various types of portable extinguishers, capable of giving satisfactory performance.

IS 16018: 2012

Wheeled fire extinguishers - Performance and construction - Specification

This standard specifies the principal requirements intended to ensure the safety, reliability and performance of wheeled fire extinguishers and it applies to wheeled fire extinguishers with a total mass (when fully charged) of greater than 17 kg but not more than 450 kg.

IS 2190: 2010

Selection, installation and maintenance of first-aid fire extinguishers - Code of practice 

This standard has therefore been formulated for giving guidance regarding proper selection, installation and maintenance of portable first-aid fire extinguishers so that such extinguishers will function at all times as intended throughout their useful life.

IS 4947: 2006 

Specification for Gas cartridges for use in fire extinguishers

This standard lays down the requirements in respect of material, construction, fixing arrangement, capacities and performance requirements of gas cartridges used for fire extinguishers.

IS 11108: 1984 

Specification for Portable Fire Extinguishers - Halon 1211 Type

This standard lays down the requirements regarding, material, shape, construction, anti-corrosive treatment and performance test of portable fire extinguishers of Halon 1211 type.

IS 11833: 1986

Specification For Dry Powder Fire Extinguisher For Metal Fires

This standard lays down the requirements regarding material, shape, construction, chemical charges, anti-corrosive treatment and tests for dry powder fire extinguishers for Class D fires (fires due to burning of metals), of capacities 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 kg.

IS 14951: 2001  

Fire Extinguisher - 135 Litres Capacity Mechanical Foam Type -

This standard lays down the requirements regarding material, shape, construction, charge, anti-corrosion treatment and tests for135 litres capacity mechanical foam fire extinguisher, mounted vertically on trolley wheels.

IS 4308: 2019   

Dry Chemical Powders for Fire Fighting — BC, ABC and D Types — Specification 

This standard lays down the chemical and physical requirements of dry chemical powder for use as an extinguishing medium for fighting Class A, Class B, Class C and Class D fires.

IS 3947: 1994

Shipbuilding - Testing, installation and maintenance of marine portable fire appliances - Code of practice

This Indian Standard lays down the requirements in respect of installation, maintenance and testing of portable firefighting appliances used onboard ships.

 

STANDARDS RELATED TO FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM SYSTEM

 

STANDARD

TITLE DESCRIPTION

SCOPE

IS 2189: 2008 

Selection, Installation and Maintenance of Automatic Fire Detection and Alarm System Code of Practice

This standard covers the planning, design, selection, installation and maintenance of fire detection and alarm systems.  It covers fire detection and alarm system installed in buildings of different types including those installed in industries.

IS 2175: 1988

Specification for heat-sensitive fire detectors for use in the automatic fire alarm system

This standard covers the general requirements, test methods and performance requirements for heat-sensitive (point) detectors for use in automatic fire alarm systems.

IS/ISO 7240 PART 2 TO PART 29

Fire detection and Alarm systems – Individual components 

This standard specifies components of fire detection and alarm systems, requirements for their interconnection and installation and the performance, testing, and servicing of parts or complete systems.

IS 15908: 2021    

Selection installation and maintenance of control and indicating equipment’s for fire detection and alarm system - Code of Practice First Revision

This standard cover planning, design, maintenance and performance criteria for control and indicating equipment for fire detection and alarm systems.

IS 11360: 1985   

Specification for smoke detectors for use in an automatic electrical fire alarm system

This standard covers general constructional features, performance requirements and test methods for optical and ionization types of smoke detectors intended for indoor installations to ensure the maintainability of their performance under different environmental conditions.

 

STANDARDS RELATED TO FIRE HYDRANT SYSTEMS

 

STANDARD

TITLE DESCRIPTION

SCOPE

IS 908: 1975  

Specification for Fire Hydrant, Stand Post Type

This standard lays down the requirements regarding materials, shape and dimensions, construction and test for fire-hydrant, stand post type, used for taking water from the underground pipeline for firefighting SCOPEs.

IS 909: 1992

Specification for Underground Fire Hydrant, Sluice Valve Type

This standard lays down the requirements regarding materials, shape, dimensions and tests of the underground hydrant, sluice-valve type.

IS 3844: 1989 

Code of practice for installation and maintenance of internal fire hydrants and hose reels on-premises

This standard lays down the requirements of maintenance of internal fire installation and hydrants and hose reels on the premises.

IS 13039: 2014  

External hydrant systems - provision and maintenance - Code of practice

This standard cover provision of installation Inspection and maintenance of hydrant systems in medium and large-scale industrial risks (other than petroleum refining and petrochemical plants which are governed by OISD standards).

IS 636: 2018

Non-Percolating Flexible Fire Fighting Delivery Hose — Specification

This standard prescribes requirements and test methods for Types 1, 2 and 3 of non-percolating lay flat delivery hoses for firefighting purposes, which are intended for use at working pressures not exceeding 15 kg/cm2 of nominal sizes 38, 50, 63 and 70 mm.

IS 903: 1993  

Specification for Fire Hose Delivery Couplings, Branch Pipe, Nozzles and Nozzle Spanner - Specification

This standard lays down the requirements regarding material, shape, construction and test (wherever applicable) for fire hose delivery couplings, branch pipe, nozzles and nozzle spanner used in firefighting operations.

IS 14851: 2000  

Maintenance of Fire Hose - Code of Practice

This standard lays down recommendations for the selection, usage and maintenance of fire hoses.

 

 

STANDARDS RELATED TO FIRE PROTECTION (AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEMS)

 

STANDARD

TITLE DESCRIPTION

SCOPE

IS 9972:2002  

Specification for automatic sprinkler heads for fire protection service

This standard covers the mechanical properties and performance requirements of automatic sprinkler heads for installation in fire protection service.

IS 15105: 2002

Design and Installation of Fixed Automatic Sprinkler Fire Extinguishing Systems - Code of Practice

This standard lays down the requirements for the design and installation of a fixed automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system.

 

NATIONAL BUILDING CODE

 

CODE

TITLE DESCRIPTION

SCOPE

NBC 2016

VOL I and 2

 

 

NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF INDIA – 2016

 

PART 4: FIRE AND LIFE SAFETY

This Code (Part 4) deals with safety from fire. It specifies the demarcation of fire zones and restrictions on construction of buildings, classification of buildings based on occupancy, types of building construction according to the fire resistance of the structural and non-structural components and other restrictions and requirements necessary to minimise danger to life from fire, smoke, fumes 

 


Article by PJ Mohan

  Sr.Faculty, NIFS






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